Networking Refresher

Networking is the exchange of information and ideas among people with a common profession or special interest, usually in an informal social setting. I recently felt like I had trouble remembering some of the stuff related to networking. Thus, I decided to take a small refresher and write stuff down so that they would stick with me better! What better way than to blog about it? 😏

Classful Network

A classful network is a network addressing architecture used in the Internet from 1981 until the introduction of Classless Inter-Domain Routing in 1993. The method divides the IP address space for Internet Protocol version 4 into five address classes based on the leading four address bits.

Private / Public IP Address classes

A media access control address is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller for use as a network address in communications within a network segment. This use is common in most IEEE 802 networking technologies, including Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a standard that defines how to establish and maintain a network conversation through which application programs can exchange data. [Connection oriented protocol]

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is an alternative communications protocol to Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) used primarily for establishing low-latency and loss-tolerating connections between applications on the internet. [Connection-less protocol]

A three-way handshake is a method used in a TCP/IP network to create a connection between a local host/client and server

How does the TCP Three-way handshake work?

To Initiate a connection:

SYN → SYN, ACK → ACK

To gracefully terminate a connection:

FIN → FIN, ACK → ACK

The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to its underlying internal structure and technology.

1 | Physical → data cables, Cat6

2 | Data link → Switching, MAC Addresses

3 | Network → IP Addresses, Routing

4 | Transport → TCP, UDP

5 | Session → Session Management

5 | Presentation → WMV, JPEG, MOV

6 | Application → HTTP, SMTP

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